This course is part of a series taught by Kevin Ahern at Oregon State University on General Biochemistry. For more information about online courses go to ecampus.oregonstate.edu for the rest of the courses see www.youtube.com Also check out the free textbook "Biochemistry Free and Easy" at: biochem.science.oregonstate.edu 1. The process occurs similar to beta-oxidation, though in reverse. Important distinctions are noted below in af. * a. Fatty acid synthesis up to palmitate occurs in the cytoplasm, but beta oxidation occurs in mitochondrial matrix. * b. Fatty acids are built using an acyl carrier protein (ACP), but beta oxidation uses CoA. * c. NADPH is used to donate electrons in synthesis, but NAD+ or FAD are used to accept electrons in oxidation in the mitochondrion. * d. A three carbon molecule, malonyl-ACP donates two carbons to the growing fatty acid chain - a carbon dioxide is lost in the process. Beta oxidations yield two carbon acetyl-CoA units. * e. Synthesis of fatty acids longer than 16 carbons occurs in endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondrion. Oxidation of fatty acids longer than 16 carbons begins in peroxisomes. * f. In fatty acid biosynthesis, a D-hydroxyl intermediate is formed at carbon #3. In fatty acid oxidation, an L-hydroxyl intermediate is formed at carbon #3. 2. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase catalyzes the addition of a carboxyl group to acetyl-CoA to form malonyl-CoA. The enzyme is regulated allosterically (inhibited by palmitoyl-CoA and activated by ...
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